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      <h1 id="基本数据类型">基本数据类型</h1>
<h2 id="二进制">二进制</h2>
<p>8位二进制码有2^8=256个状态.如果用来表示无符号数,就可以表示0~255恰好256个二进制数；</p>
<p>而如果表示带符号数,则最高位就是符号位,0表示&quot;+&rdquo;,1表示&rdquo;-&rdquo;</p>
<h2 id="八大数据类型">八大数据类型</h2>
<ul>
<li>如何表示八/十六进制：八进制以0开头，十六进制以0x开头</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="运算">运算</h1>
<h2 id="算术运算符">算术运算符</h2>
<ul>
<li>++
<ul>
<li>i++</li>
<li>++i</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="位运算">位运算</h2>
<ul>
<li>&amp;，按位与，当两位同时为1才返回1。</li>
<li>|，按位或，只要有一位是1即返回1。</li>
<li>~，按位非，单目运算符，将操作数的每个位（包括符号位）取反。</li>
<li>^，按位异或，两位相同时返回0，不同时返回1。</li>
<li><code>&lt;&lt;</code>，左移，右边空出来的以0填充。</li>
<li><code>&gt;&gt;</code>，右移，符号位跟原来一致。（如果原来是正数，则以0填充；如果原来是负数，则以1填充）</li>
<li><code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code>，无符号右移，左边总以0填充。（如果原来是负数，则<code>&gt;&gt;&gt;</code>后可能会变得很大，如<code>-5&gt;&gt;&gt;2</code>得到<code>1073741822</code>）</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="逻辑运算符">逻辑运算符</h2>
<ul>
<li>&amp;&amp;：与，前后两个操作数必须都是true才返回true，否则返回false</li>
<li>&amp;：使用与 &amp;&amp; 相同，但不会短路</li>
<li>||：或，只要有一个操作数中有一个true，就返回true，否则返回false</li>
<li>|：使用与 || 相同，但不会短路</li>
<li>!：非</li>
<li>^：异或，当两个操作数不同是返回true，如果两个操作数相同返回false</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="运算-1">%运算</h2>
<pre><code>0%4=0
1%4=1
2%4=2    取余运算不能约分后再除
3%4=3
4%4=0
5%4=1
</code></pre>
<p>两个数是整数，第一个数小于第二个数时，直接不除，结果就是第一个数</p>
<h2 id="三目运算">三目运算</h2>
<p>三目运算符只有一个：<code>?:</code> ——20191029</p>
<p>示例：true ? 1:2</p>
<h2 id="-------">-=  +=  *=  /=</h2>
<p>不单有-=  +=</p>
<p>还有 *=  /=</p>
<pre><code>public class MyClass {
     public int constInt = 5;
     public void method() {
          constInt *=  5;
     }
}
</code></pre>
<p>—— 20191105</p>
<p><a href="https://www.nowcoder.com/test/question/done?tid=29118956&amp;qid=14090#summary">https://www.nowcoder.com/test/question/done?tid=29118956&amp;qid=14090#summary</a></p>
<h1 id="math">Math</h1>
<h2 id="mathfloorcellroundx">Math.floor/cell/round(x)</h2>
<p>问题：Math.floor(-8.5)=( )</p>
<p>答：-9.0</p>
<p>Math.floor(x) 返回小于等于x的最接近整数，类型为double</p>
<pre><code class="language-tex">floor: 求小于等于参数的最大整数。返回double类型-----n. 地板，地面
         例如：Math.floor(-4.2) = -5.0
-----------------------------------------------------------
ceil:   求大于等于参数的最小整数。返回double类型-----vt. 装天花板；
         例如：Math.ceil(5.6) = 6.0
-----------------------------------------------------------
round: 对小数进行四舍五入后的结果。返回int类型
         例如：Math.round(-4.6) = -5
         Math.round(-4.5) = -4
         
         总结：round函数是取最接近整数，如果遇到一样近，则取最大值。
</code></pre>
<p>参考：https://www.nowcoder.com/questionTerminal/6a7a47502af94cb98d4e005ddaf35f33?source=relative</p>
<h1 id="自动类型转换">自动类型转换</h1>
<p><img src="https://oscimg.oschina.net/oscnet/cb2c782553087d3e0829e7b526177695c7e.jpg" alt="image"></p>
<p>注意：类型自动转换，指的是在运算时，而不是赋值时，如：<code>String str = 'c';</code>报错，其它同理。—— 20191104</p>
<h1 id="q--a">Q &amp; A</h1>
<h2 id="java-中怎样将-bytes-转换为-long-类型">java 中怎样将 bytes 转换为 long 类型??</h2>
<p>参考 <a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/563107903798073804.html">java 中怎样将 bytes 转换为 long 类型</a></p>
<h2 id="在没有使用临时变量的情况如何交换两个整数变量的值">在没有使用临时变量的情况如何交换两个整数变量的值??</h2>
<pre><code>网络上的人们给出了两种方法：

 一、异或法

        a=a^b;
         
        b=b^a;
         
        a=a^b;

 二、加减法

        a = a + b; 
         
        b = a - b; 
         
        a = a - b;
</code></pre>
<h2 id="什么是自动装箱拆箱">什么是自动装箱、拆箱</h2>
<p>自动装箱：将一个基本类型变量直接赋给对应的包装类变量，或赋给Object变量，如<code>Integer inObj = 1;</code>.</p>
<p>自动拆箱：将一个包装类对象直接赋值给一个对应的基本类型变量，如<code>int i = new Integer();</code>.</p>
<p>参考：<a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/dolphin0520/p/3780005.html">深入剖析Java中的装箱和拆箱</a></p>
<ul>
<li>Float型数据32位，与int相同，但float的范围 远比int大，为什么？</li>
</ul>
<p><a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/228609328.html">https://zhidao.baidu.com/question/228609328.html</a></p>
<p><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/findumars/p/5452526.html">https://www.cnblogs.com/findumars/p/5452526.html</a> 注意第三点</p>
<p><strong>注意：浮点数基于二进制存储。即，XX进制先转换成二进制，然后才分 符号位 指数位 有效数位（尾数位）</strong></p>

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